Leonardo da Vinci[b] (1452 – 1519) was an Italian polymath of the High Renaissance who was a painter, draughtsman, engineer, scientist, theorist, sculptor, and architect. born out of wedlock to a successful notary and a lower-class woman in, or near, Vinci, he was learned in Florence by the Italian painter and sculptor Andrea del Verrocchio. He started his career in the city, but then spent much time in the service of Ludovico Sforza in Milan. Later, he continued to work in Florence and Milan, as well as briefly in Rome, all while attracting a large following of imitators and students. Upon the call of Francis I, he spent his last three years in France, where he died in 1519. Since his death, there has not been a time where his winning, diverse interests, personal life, and empirical thinking have failed to incite interest and approval, making him a frequent namesake and subject in culture.

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